Phosphorothioate
PTOs, the defense line against nucleases
Phosphorothioate (PTOs) are the most widely used nuclease resistant oligos for antisense applications.
In PTO oligos, a non-bridging oxygen is replaced by a sulfur atom. Therefore, PTOs are also known as "S-oligos". Phosphorothioate bounds can be introduced to an oligo
- at the 5'- or 3'-end
Inhibits exonuclease degradation - Internally
Limit the attack by endonucleases
Good to know!
PTO oligos can show greater non-specific protein binding than unmodified phosphodiester (PO) oligos. They can lead to toxic effects or cause artefacts building when present in high concentrations.
These problems can be reduced or eliminated by using chimeric designs, which limit the number of phosphorothioate internucleoside linkages within the oligo
PTO Specification:
What you can expect from oligos with phosphorothioate
Product specifications:
- Synthesis scales from 0.01 to 10 µmol
- Purification options: HPSF, HPLC, PAGE
- Oligo lengths: 5-120 bases
- TAT: 3-4 weeks
|
Purification option |
Synthesis scale1 [µmol] |
0.01 |
0.05 |
0.20 |
1.00 |
|
HPSF |
Minimum yield [OD]2 |
2 |
4 |
8 |
20 |
|
HPLC |
Minimum yield [OD]2 |
1 |
3 |
5 |
15 |
|
PAGE |
Minimum yield [OD]2 |
- |
0.5 |
0.5 |
- |
- The synthesis scale indicates the initial amount of 3'-bases
- There is no OD guarantee for oligos <18 and >35 bases or for oligos with multiple modifications
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